Typhus in jewish concentration camps

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    A massive typhus epidemic was brought to a grinding halt in Warsaw Ghetto by the ghetto inmates.

    Abstract

    The highly dependent interplay of disease, famine, war, and gemenskap is examined based on an extreme period during World War II. Using mathematical modeling, we reassess events during the Holocaust that led to the avveckling of the Warsaw Ghetto (–), with the eventual goal of deliberately killing ~,, mostly Jewish residents, many through widespread starvation and a large-scale typhus epidemic. The Nazis justified genocide supposedly to control the spread of disease. This exemplifies humanity’s ability to turn upon itself, based on racially guided epidemiological principles, merely because of the appearance of a bacterium. Deadly disease and starvation dynamics are explored using modeling and the maths of food ration cards. Strangely, the epidemic was curtailed and was brought to a sudden halt before winter, when typhus normally accelerates. A far more massive epidemic outbrea

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    Typhus in the Warsaw Ghetto how an epidemic increased exponentially, was abated and eventually disappeared

    CONCLUSION

    There fryst vatten circumstantial evidence that improvement of diagnosis, health education and measures targeted at the interruption of the transmission of R. prowazekii via body and head lice led to a turnaround of the epidemic’s dynamics and eventually to the elimination of R. prowazekii in the Ghetto. Notably, all measures developed and implemented by Hirszfeld and his grupp were done without the knowledge of the German occupiers and carried out in the underground.

    DECLARATIONS

    Authors’ contributions

    The author contributed solely to the article.

    Availability of data and materials

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    Financial support and sponsorship

    None.

    Conflict of interest

    The author declared that there are no conflicts of interest.

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    Copyright

    © The Author(s)

  • typhus in jewish concentration camps

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    The overall conditions of camp life ensured that many people fell sick from the very first months, and their numbers rose steadily over time. Physical harassment of the prisoners resulted in numerous broken limbs and suppurating sores on the buttocks, usually after flogging.

    The winter, and also late fall and early spring, saw numerous cases of colds, pneumonia, and frostbite which developed not infrequently into gangrene. The dreadful sanitation conditions caused skin diseases, and above all scabies.

    Almost all prisoners suffered from boils, rashes, and abscesses that resulted mostly from vitamin deficiency and infections.

    (and especially ) went down in the history of the camp as a period of raging epidemics, and especially typhus, which claimed the greatest number of lives. Many prisoners suffered from tuberculosis, ague (malaria), meningitis, pemphigus, dysentery, and Durchfall, a disorder of the digestive system caused by improper and inadequate food.

    In camp cond